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재밋는 英語

liberty와 freedom

by 이덕휴-dhleepaul 2020. 4. 11.


자유에 대한 영어표현 - 한국말은 걍 자유로 사용하고 그 의미는 문장의 내용에서 서술된다.

liberty와 freedom


Also found in: Thesaurus, Legal, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

lib·er·ty: 의지의 자유 또는 자유의지, 선택할 수 있는 자유

 (lĭb′ər-tē)
n. pl. lib·er·ties
1. The condition of being free from confinement, servitude, or forced labor.
2.
a. The condition of being free from oppressive restriction or control by a government or other power.
b. A right to engage in certain actions without control or interference by a government or other power: the liberties protected by the Bill of Rights.
3. The right or power to act as one chooses: "Her upcountry isolation ... gave her the liberty to be what she wanted to be, free of the pressure of spotlights and literary fashions" (Lucinda Franks).
4. often liberties A deliberate departure from what is proper, accepted, or prudent, especially:
a. A breach or overstepping of propriety or social convention: "I'd leave her with a little kiss on the cheek—I never took liberties" (Harold Pinter).
b. A departure from strict compliance: took several liberties with the recipe.
c. A deviation from accepted truth or known fact: a historical novel that takes liberties with chronology.
d. An unwarranted risk; a chance: took foolish liberties on the ski slopes.
5. A period, usually short, during which a sailor is authorized to go ashore.
Idioms:
at liberty
1. Not in confinement or under constraint; free.
2. Entitled or permitted to do something: We found ourselves at liberty to explore the grounds.
take the liberty
To dare (to do something) on one's own initiative or without asking permission: I took the liberty to send you these pictures of my vacation.

[Middle English liberte, from Old French, from Latin lībertās, from līber, free; see leudh- in Indo-European roots.]
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

liberty

(ˈlɪbətɪ)
n, pl -ties
1. the power of choosing, thinking, and acting for oneself; freedom from control or restriction
2. the right or privilege of access to a particular place; freedom
3. (often plural) a social action regarded as being familiar, forward, or improper
4. (often plural) an action that is unauthorized or unwarranted in the circumstances: he took liberties with the translation.
5. (Nautical Terms)
a. authorized leave granted to a sailor
b. (as modifier): liberty man; liberty boat.
6. at liberty free, unoccupied, or unrestricted
7. take liberties to be overfamiliar or overpresumptuous (with)
8. take the liberty to venture or presume (to do something)
[C14: from Old French liberté, from Latin lībertās, from līber free]
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

lib•er•ty

(ˈlɪb ər ti)

n., pl. -ties.
1. freedom from arbitrary or despotic government or control.
2. freedom from external or foreign rule; independence.
3. freedom from control, interference, obligation, restriction, etc.
4. freedom from captivity, confinement, or physical restraint.
5.
a. permission granted to a sailor to go ashore, usu. for less than 24 hours.
b. the time spent ashore.
6. freedom or right to frequent or use a place: The visitors were given the liberty of the city.
7. unwarranted or impertinent freedom in action or speech, or a form or instance of it: to take liberties.
8. a female figure personifying freedom from despotism.
Idioms:
at liberty,
a. free from captivity or restraint.
b. free to do or be as specified.
[1325–75; Middle English liberte < Middle French < Latin lībertās=līber free + -tās -ty2]
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.






liberty 자유

noun 명사
1. independence , sovereignty , liberation , autonomy , immunity , self-determination , emancipation , self-government , self-rule Such a system would be a blow to the liberty of the people. 1. 독립 , 주권 , 해방 , 자치 , 면책 , 자기 결정 , 해방 , 자치 , 자치 이러한 시스템은 사람들의 자유에 타격을것이다.
2. freedom , liberation , redemption , emancipation , deliverance , manumission , enfranchisement , unshackling , unfettering Three convictions meant three months' loss of liberty. 2. 자유 , 해방 , 구속 , 해방 , 구출 , manumission , enfranchisement , unshackling , unterttering 3 개의 신념은 3 개월의 자유의 상실을 의미했다.
freedom restraint , constraint , slavery , imprisonment , captivity , tyranny , enslavement , restriction , duress 자유 구속 , 구속 , 노예 제도 , 투옥 , 포로 , 폭정 , 노예화 , 제한 , 협박
at liberty 자유로이
3. free , escaped , unlimited , at large , not confined , untied , on the loose , unchained , unbound There is no confirmation that he is at liberty. 3. 자유롭고 , 탈출하고 , 무제한으로 , 크고 , 제한되지 않고 , 묶이지 않고 , 느슨하고 , 묶이지 않은 , 언 바운드 , 그가 자유에 있다는 확신은 없다.
4. able , free , allowed , permitted , entitled , authorized I'm not at liberty to say where it is, because the deal hasn't gone through yet. 4. 거래가 아직 진행되지 않았기 때문에 본인이 어디에 있는지 말할 수있는 자유 , 자유 , 허가 , 허가 , 권리 , 권한 부여 .
take liberties or a liberty not show enough respect , show disrespect , act presumptuously , behave too familiarly , behave impertinently She knew she was taking a big liberty in doing this for him without his knowledge. 자유를 받거나 자유를 충분히 존중하지 않고 , 무례 함을 나타내며 , 추정 적 으로 행동하고, 너무 친숙 하게 행동하고, 무례하게 행동합니다. 그녀는 자신의 지식 없이도 그를 위해 큰 자유를지고 있다는 것을 알았습니다.
Quotations 인용
"I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!" "다른 사람들이 어떤 과정을 밟을지는 알지 못한다. 그러나 나에게 자유를 주거나 죽음을 줘!" [Patrick Henry] [패트릭 헨리]
"Liberty is liberty, not equality or fairness or justice or human happiness or a quiet conscience" [Isaiah Berlin Two Concepts of Liberty ] "자유는 평등, 공정성, 정의 또는 인간의 행복 또는 조용한 양심이 아닌 자유입니다"[이사야 베를린 자유의 두 개념 ]
"The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is its natural manure" [Thomas Jefferson] "애국자와 폭군의 피로 자유의 나무가 때때로 새로 고쳐 져야한다. 자연의 거름이다"[Thomas Jefferson]
"Liberty is precious - so precious that it must be rationed" [Lenin] "자유는 귀중하다-너무 귀중해서 배급되어야한다"[레닌]
"Liberty means responsibility. That is why most men dread it" [George Bernard Shaw Man and Superman ] "자유는 책임을 의미한다. 그래서 대부분의 사람들은 그것을 두려워한다"[조지 버나드맨과 슈퍼맨 ]
"Liberty too must be limited in order to be possessed" [Edmund Burke Letter to the Sheriffs of Bristol ] "소유를 위해서는 자유도 제한되어야한다"[Edmund Burke 서한은 브리스톨 보안관에게 보낸 편지 ]
"The liberty of the individual must be thus far limited; he must not make himself a nuisance to other people" [John Stuart Mill On Liberty ] "개인의 자유는 지금까지 제한되어 있어야한다. 그는 다른 사람들에게 방해가되어서는 안된다"[John Stuart Mill On Liberty ]
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002



liberty 자유

noun 명사
1. The state of not being in confinement or servitude: 1. 감금되지 않은 상태 :
2. The condition of being politically free: 2. 정치적으로 자유 롭다는 조건 :
3. Departure from normal rules or procedures: 3. 일반적인 규칙 또는 절차에서 출발 :





free•dom 자유: 통제 또는 공권력으로부터 신체활동; 자유행동권적 자유함

(ˈfri dəm) (ˈfri dəm)

1. the state of being free or at liberty rather than in confinement or under physical restraint. 1. 감금 또는 신체적 구속 아래가 아닌 자유 또는 자유 상태.
2. exemption from external control. 2. 외부 통제에서 면제.
3. the power to determine action without restraint. 3. 구속하지 않고 행동을 결정하는 힘.
4. political or national independence. 4. 정치적 또는 국가적 독립.
5. personal liberty: slaves who bought their freedom. 5. 개인의 자유 : 그들의 자유를노예들.
6. exemption; 6. 면제; immunity: freedom from fear. 면제 : 두려움으로부터의 자유.
7. the absence of or release from ties or obligations. 7. 유대 또는 의무의 부재 또는 면제.
8. ease or facility of movement or action. 8. 운동 또는 행동의 용이성 또는 시설.
9. frankness of manner or speech. 9. 매너 또는 말의 솔직함.
10. a liberty taken. 10. 자유를 얻었습니다.
11. civil liberty, as opposed to subjection to an arbitrary or despotic government. 11. 자의적이거나 전멸적인 정부에 복종하는 것과 대조되는 시민의 자유.
12. the right to enjoy all the privileges or special rights of membership in a community. 12. 커뮤니티 회원 자격의 모든 특권 또는 특별 권리를 누릴 권리.
13. the right to frequent, enjoy, or use at will. 13. 자주, 즐기거나 마음대로 사용할 수있는 권리.

freedom


Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

free·dom

 (frē′dəm)
n.
1.
a. The condition of not being in prison or captivity: gave the prisoners their freedom.
b. The condition of being free of restraints, especially the ability to act without control or interference by another or by circumstance: In retirement they finally got the freedom to travel.
2.
a. The condition of not being controlled by another nation or political power; political independence.
b. The condition of not being subject to a despotic or oppressive power; civil liberty.
c. The condition of not being constrained or restricted in a specific aspect of life by a government or other power: freedom of assembly.
d. The condition of not being a slave.
3.
a. The condition of not being affected or restricted by a given circumstance or condition: freedom from want.
b. The condition of not being bound by established conventions or rules: The new style of painting gave artists new freedoms.
4. The capacity to act by choice rather than by determination, as from fate or a deity; free will: We have the freedom to do as we please all afternoon.
5. The right to unrestricted use; full access: was given the freedom of their research facilities.
6. Ease or facility of movement: loose sports clothing, giving the wearer freedom.
7. Archaic Boldness in behavior; lack of modesty or reserve.

[Middle English fredom, from Old English frēodōm : frēo, free; see free + -dōm, -dom.]
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

freedom

(ˈfriːdəm)
n
1. personal liberty, as from slavery, bondage, serfdom, etc
2. liberation or deliverance, as from confinement or bondage
3. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) the quality or state of being free, esp to enjoy political and civil liberties
4. (usually foll by from) the state of being without something unpleasant or bad; exemption or immunity: freedom from taxation.
5. the right or privilege of unrestricted use or access: the freedom of a city.
6. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) autonomy, self-government, or independence
7. the power or liberty to order one's own actions
8. (Philosophy) philosophy the quality, esp of the will or the individual, of not being totally constrained; able to choose between alternative actions in identical circumstances
9. ease or frankness of manner; candour: she talked with complete freedom.
10. excessive familiarity of manner; boldness
11. ease and grace, as of movement; lack of effort
[Old English frēodōm]
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

free•dom

(ˈfri dəm)

n.
1. the state of being free or at liberty rather than in confinement or under physical restraint.
2. exemption from external control.
3. the power to determine action without restraint.
4. political or national independence.
5. personal liberty: slaves who bought their freedom.
6. exemption; immunity: freedom from fear.
7. the absence of or release from ties or obligations.
8. ease or facility of movement or action.
9. frankness of manner or speech.
10. a liberty taken.
11. civil liberty, as opposed to subjection to an arbitrary or despotic government.
12. the right to enjoy all the privileges or special rights of membership in a community.
13. the right to frequent, enjoy, or use at will.
[before 900; Middle English freodom; Old English frēodōm]
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

Freedom


independent self-rule free from outside influence.
a doctrine of or belief in social equality or the right of all people to participate equally in politics.
Rare. a strong desire for freedom.
an abnormal fear of freedom.
1. a condition of freedom.
2. a right or privilege, especially the right to vote.
1. the advocacy of freedom, especially in thought or conduct.
2. Theology. the advocacy of the doctrine of free will. See also necessitarianism. — libertarian, n., adj.
1. the destruction of freedom.
2. the destroyer of freedom.liberticidal, adj.
the act of setting free or being set free from slavery; emancipation.
-Ologies & -Isms. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

Freedom

 
  1. Abstract liberty, like other mere abstractions, is not to be found —Edmund Burke
  2. (They just) broke free like the water —Boris Pasternak
  3. Broke free like the sun rising out of the sea —Miller Williams
  4. Feels freedom like oxygen everywhere around him —John Updike
  5. Felt like a volatile gas released from a bottle —Olivia Manning

    See Also: PHYSICAL FEELINGS

  6. Foot-loose as a ram —Irvin S. Cobb
  7. (I am) free as a breeze, free like a bird in the woodland wild, free like a gypsy, free like a child —Oscar Hammerstein, II, from lyric for Oklahoma

    Hammerstein used the multiple simile to paint a picture of an unattached man bemoaning the speed with which his situation can change.

  8. Free as a fat bird —John D. MacDonald
  9. Free as air —Alexander Pope

    The simile in full context is as follows: “Love, free as air at sight of human ties, spreads his light wings, and in a moment flies.”

  10. Free as a pig in a pen —Anon, from American song, “The Lane County Bachelor”
  11. Free, as happens in the downfall of habit when the mind, like an unguarded flame, bows and bends and seems about to blow from its holding —Virginia Woolf
  12. Free as is the wind —William Shakespeare

    A popular variation attributed to James Montgomery is, “Free as the breeze.”

  13. Free as Nature first made man —John Dryden
  14. Free as Nature is —James Thompson
  15. Free as the grace of God and twice as plentiful —Anon
  16. Freed, like colored kites torn loose from their strings —Rainer Maria Rilke
  17. Freedom and responsibility are like Siamese twins, they die if they are parted —Lillian Smith

    See Also: RELIABILITY

  18. Freedom is like drink. If you take any at all, you might as well take enough to make you happy for a while —Finley Peter Dunne

    Several words have been changed from Dunne’s dialect: any was ‘nny,’ ‘for’ was ‘f’r.’

  19. Free speech is like garlic. If you are perfectly sure of yourself, you enjoy it and your friends tolerate it —Lynn White, Jr., Look, April 17, 1956
  20. Free will and determinism are like a game of cards. The hand that is dealt you represents determinism. The way you play your hand represents free will —Norman Cousins
  21. Independence, like honor, is a rocky island without a beach —Napoleon Bonaparte
  22. Independent as a hog on ice —American colloquialism, attributed to New England
  23. Independent as a wild horse —Anon

    According to Irving Stone, author of The Passionate Journey, this simile was used to describe the father of his fictional biography’s hero, John Noble.

  24. A laissez-faire policy is like spoiling a child by saying he’ll turn out all right in the end. He will, if he’s made to —F. Scott Fitzgerald
  25. Liberty, like charity, must begin at home —James Conant

    Yet another twist on that much adopted and adapted charity comparison.

    See Also: BELIEFS, CHANGE, CRITICISM, PEACE, SENSE

  26. Perfect freedom is as necessary to the health and vigor of commerce, as it is to the health and vigor of citizenship —Patrick Henry
  27. There is no such thing as an achieved liberty; like electricity, there can be no substantial storage and it must be generated as it is enjoyed, or the lights go out —Robert H. Jackson
  28. Unrestricted like the rain —Mark Twain
Similes Dictionary, 1st Edition. © 1988 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

Freedom

 

carte blanche Full discretionary power, unrestricted freedom, blanket permission; a blank check; literally, white paper or chart. In its original military usage, the term referred to the blank form used to indicate unconditional surrender, on which the victor could dictate his own terms. The phrase is now used only figuratively, and has been so used for some time:

Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named every one of them. (Lord Chesterfield, Letters, 1766)

The figuratively synonymous blank check refers literally to an executed check on which the amount is left unspecified to be filled in by its bearer or receiver.

the coast is clear Nothing stands in the way of one’s progress or activity; there is little danger that anyone in authority will witness or interfere with one’s actions; “Go ahead, nobody’s looking.” This expression was originally used by smugglers to indicate that no coast guard was in the vicinity to prevent their landing or embarking. Its use is still largely limited to contexts implying wrongdoing, though such may range from mischievous misbehavior to criminal activity.

give a wide berth to To allow latitude, leeway, or freedom; to shun, to stay clear of; to remain a discreet distance from. Dating from the 17th century, berth is a nautical term which refers to a sufficient amount of space for a ship at anchor to swing freely, or enough distance for a ship under sail to avoid other ships, rocks, the shore, etc. Give or keep a wide berth gained currency in the 1800s and has since been used in nautical and nonnautical contexts.

I recommend you to keep a wide berth of me, sir. (William Makepeace Thackeray, The Newcomes, 1854)

give enough rope To give someone a considerable amount of freedom with the expectation that he will act in an embarrassing or self-destructive way; to grant just enough leeway that a person may set and fall into his own trap. This expression has been in use since the 17th century and is equally familiar in the longer version—give [someone] enough rope and [he’ll] hang himself. A rope is often used as a leash or rein to control freedom of movement. Perhaps this expression derives from the fact that it is easy to trip or become entangled by too much rope. The second half of the expression plays on the idea of a rope as a cord for hanging a person.

Give our Commentator but Rope, and he hangs himself. (Elkanah Settle, Reflections on Several of Mr. Dry den’s Plays, 1687)

no strings attached No stipulations or restrictions; no fine print. This common expression, perhaps an allusion to puppets that are controlled by strings, implies the lack of catches or hidden conditions in an undertaking or purchase. The phrase may be varied to assume its opposite sense.

The corporationmade its offer to California—an offer good for six months only, and having several untenable strings attached. (Sierra Club Bulletin, January, 1949)